No Title

Next: About this document ...

High Speed Locomotives with Energy Storage	Presented at NAPS'97
University of Idaho/NCATT	October 1997, Laramie WY

HIGH SPEED LOCOMOTIVES WITH ENERGY STORAGE

Andrew Miller

Department of Electrical Engineering
University of Idaho

North American Power Symposium

October 14, 1997

Locomotive Optimizations

Trip time
Prime mover/flywheel sizing

load leveling
improved acceleration

Energy/fuel efficiency
Flywheel use

order of charge/discharge
one inverter for several flywheels

Diesel-Electric Locomotive

$\begin{figure}\centerline{\psfig {figure=/users/proj/amiller/fra/presentation/NAPS97/loco_pwr_sys.eps,width=8.4in}}\end{figure}$

Existing Rail Systems

Freight and commuter trains
Maximum US civil speed limit is 78 mph
120 mph in Northeast Corridor

limited access
limited grade crossings

All-electric infrastructure not economical

Locomotive Prime Mover Options

Diesel

heavy
limits top speed

Gas turbine

light weight
narrow speed range

Locomotive Propulsion Options

DC machine

series excitation
regenerative capability

Induction machine

smaller size for given horsepower
regenerative capability
requires AC drive
better adhesion control

Flywheel energy storage

High Speed Rail Corridors

Dedicated route
Cities between 150 - 400 miles apart
Wide range of speed limits

curvature
grade crossings
slope
condition of track
area track is passing through

Speed Limit

$\begin{figure}\centerline{\psfig {figure=/users/proj/amiller/fra/presentation/NAPS97/sp_limit.eps,height=4.2in}}\end{figure}$

Flywheel Energy Storage

Maximize energy density
Kinetic energy proportional to moment of inertia
Kinetic energy proportional to speed squared
Driven by power electronic drive
Mechanical strength determines peak energy storage
Converter determines rate of charge/discharge
Use counter-rotating flywheels to cancel moments

High Speed Train Set

$\begin{figure}\centerline{\psfig {figure=/users/proj/amiller/fra/presentation/NAPS97/loco_prop.eps,width=8.4in}}\end{figure}$

Software Simulation

Developed in Matlab
For design and control optimizations
Input/output energy flow for power converters
and machines
Energy flow driven by traction inverter requirements

Simulation Diagram

$\begin{figure}\centerline{\psfig {figure=/users/proj/amiller/fra/presentation/NAPS97/simul.eps,height=4.2in}}\end{figure}$

Propulsion Model

$\begin{figure}\centerline{\psfig {figure=/users/proj/amiller/fra/presentation/NAPS97/propmod.eps,width=8.4in}}\end{figure}$

Locomotive Model

$\begin{figure}\centerline{\psfig {figure=/users/proj/amiller/fra/presentation/NAPS97/locomod.eps,height=4.2in}}\end{figure}$

Speed Control Model

$\begin{figure}\centerline{\psfig {figure=/users/proj/amiller/fra/presentation/NAPS97/spd_ctrl.eps,height=4.2in}}\end{figure}$

Efficiency Control Model

Controls energy stored in flywheels
Determines speed command
Inputs

train position
route data

Actual Speed vs. Speed Limit

$\begin{figure}\centerline{\psfig {figure=/users/proj/amiller/fra/presentation/NAPS97/simres.eps,height=4.2in}}\end{figure}$

Power Delivered to Traction Motors

$\begin{figure}\centerline{\psfig {figure=/users/proj/amiller/fra/presentation/NAPS97/power2.eps,height=4.2in}}\end{figure}$

Hardware Simulation

Verify control system
Communication network coordinating system

microcontrollers
DSPs

Built in lab

20 HP prime mover
time scaled

Experimental Setup

$\begin{figure}\centerline{\psfig {figure=/users/proj/amiller/fra/presentation/NAPS97/expsetup.eps,width=8.4in}}\end{figure}$

Conclusion

System for improving efficiency of
high speed rail locomotives presented
Overview of high speed rail presented
Review of flywheel energy storage
New optimization possibilites

Next: About this document ...

Brian Johnson
2/26/1998